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人权观察年度报告出炉 批纳吉政府“讲多过做”
1月21日
国际人权组织“人权观察”(Human Rights Watch)在我国首相纳吉上台10个月后,给后者的维护人权表现打上“讲多过做”的评语。
“在执政之初,首相纳吉大谈保护人权,可是修辞是廉价的。如果政府真的相信其‘一个大马’口号,则它必须真的致力于改善所有马来西亚人的人权处境。”
该组织副总裁菲罗伯森(Phil Robertson)更直批纳吉政府为了短期政治利益而侵犯人权。
“马来西亚政府似乎更积极追求短期的政治利益,远超过维护人权的工作”。
“为了维持控制和权力,大马政府背弃保护人民权利的责任。”
他举例,纳吉政府就在去年8月1日镇压反内安令大示威,使用催泪弹和水炮来攻击集会者,并且逮捕将近600人,包括44名儿童。
未能有系统改善人权问题
菲罗伯森今天发表文告指出,纳吉在去年上台之际,答应尊重基本人权,但其主掌的政府却未能推动有系统的改革,来改善大马的人权问题。
他说明,尽管纳吉上台后就立即释放部分的内安法令扣留者是正确之举,但他更应该废除该法令,以及其他的压迫性法令,包括1967年警察法令。
“人权观察”每年公布报告
“人权观察”是一个国际非政府组织,其总部设在美国纽约,以调查、促进人权问题为主旨。
该组织常年根据世界人权宣言等广为接受的人权标准,撰写国际人权违反状况的研究报告,以期通过国际社会对暴行的关注,进而促进政府和国际组织的改革。
“人权观察”今天发表其年度《2010年世界报告》,该报告共612页,其中观察超过90个国家和地区的人权状况,同时总结了世界的人权趋势。
钳制集会自由和网路媒体
该报告指出,马来西亚政府非但没有解决人权问题,反而骚扰在野党,限制人民和平集会和表达的权利。
该组织也抨击纳吉政府,除了利用1984年出版法令来钳制言论自由,如今更将控制伸到网络世界。
“最近,政府严密监控网络媒体和部落客,因为前者了解这些网络在上届大选所发挥的影响力,企图钳制这些非传统媒体。”
“人权观察”也指出,许多大马的人权斗士,包括律师、记者、非政府组织成员都不断面对骚扰,以及被逮捕的风险——尤其当大马政府将他们跟在野党联系起来。
批政府以肛交案打击安华
该组织也提及反对党领袖安华的肛交案,形容这是政府针对安华“有政治意图”的打击。
菲罗伯森表示,政府将成年人之间自愿的性行为列为罪行有违人权标准。
“大马作为一个以自己后殖民政治发展为骄傲的国家,其政府却继续执行英国殖民法令,对付成年人之间自愿的肛交,确实是一件让人感到怪异的事情。”
“大马政府有必要修订这样的法令,跟上21世纪的标准。”
“人权观察”也表示,尽管政府早前修法赋予人权委员会更大的权力,但是后者仍维持着咨询地位,既没有执法权力,也没有足够的独立性。
政府恶待难民和非法移民
“人权观察”同时也批评大马政府虐待难民、寻求政治庇护者和非法移民。
它批评大马政府未能够将难民和寻求政治庇护者,以其他的非法移民区分开来,并且允许自愿警卫团(RELA)恶劣对待,并且在没有搜查或逮捕令,进入住宅进行逮捕。
该组织也指出,非法移民扣留营的卫生环境也很恶劣,在去年更曾爆发鼠尿病(leptospirosis)的疫情。而美国政府也曾指控,大马海关人员和人口贩子勾结,贩卖被遣送出境者,或者向他们家属勒索巨额赎金。
吁废除内安令签国际公约
“人权观察”呼吁大马政府废除内安法令,以及其他允许未经审判就扣留的法令,废除出版法令,缩小煽动罪行的定义,修改警察法令以放宽 集会条件,废除自愿警察,同时维护移民、难民和寻求政治庇护者的人权。
它也提醒马来西亚政府签署数项国际人权公约,包括《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》、《经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》以及《禁止酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚公约》。
http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/122480
Malaysia: More Rhetoric Than Reality on Human Rights False Promises and Persistent Abuses in 2009January 20, 2010
A demonstrator pleads with riot police during a protest against the Internal Security Act (ISA) in downtown Kuala Lumpur on August 1, 2009. Malaysian police fired tear gas and detained some 600 people to break up a rally of over 5,000 people protesting against ISA, a security law that allows detention without trial.
© 2009 Reuters
Related Materials:
World Report 2010
Other Material:
World Report 2010: Malaysia Chapter
The Malaysian government appears to be more interested in pursuing short-term political advantage than safeguarding rights. In the hopes of maintaining control and power, the government has turned its back on its promises to protect people’s rights.
Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director
(New York) - Prime Minister Seri Najib Tun Razak of Malaysia took office in April 2009 promising to respect "the fundamental rights of the people," but his government has failed to undertake the systematic reforms needed to fulfill that pledge, Human Rights Watch said today in its World Report 2010.
The 612-page report, the organization's 20th annual review of human rights practices around the globe, summarizes major human rights trends in more than 90 nations and territories worldwide. In Malaysia, the report says, instead of addressing persistent human rights problems, the government harasses the political opposition, improperly restricts the rights to peaceful expression, association, and assembly, and mistreats migrants.
"The Malaysian government appears to be more interested in pursuing short-term political advantage than safeguarding rights," said Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director at Human Rights Watch. "In the hopes of maintaining control and power, the government has turned its back on its promises to protect people's rights."
The release of a number of detainees held under the Internal Security Act (ISA) early in Prime Minister Najib's term was a positive development, Human Rights Watch said. But Parliament should repeal that law and other repressive laws, including the Police Act 1967, which was most recently used to justify a violent crackdown on a citizens' march against the ISA on August 1. Security forces attacked the gathering with tear gas and water laced with chemicals fired from water cannon trucks, and arrested almost 600 people, including 44 children.
Human Rights Watch criticized the government's continuing heavy restrictions on freedom of expression. The Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984 enables government officials to compel censorship of publications through control of printing and distribution licenses. More recently, internet media and bloggers are coming under closer scrutiny as the government, cognizant of the internet's impact in the last general election, tries to rein in non-traditional media.
Malaysian legislation failed to distinguish refugees and asylum seekers from other undocumented migrants and authorized Ikatan Relawan Rakyat (RELA), an ill-trained, abusive civilian force, to use its authority to enter living quarters and make arrests without search or arrest warrants.
Malaysia also continues to violate human rights norms by criminalizing adult consensual sexual behavior, as evidenced by the ongoing efforts to bring the parliamentary opposition leader, Anwar Ibrahim, to trial for alleged consensual sodomy in a case that many observers believe is politically motivated.
The major recommendations to Malaysia's government in the Human Rights Watch report are: - Revoke the Internal Security Act and other arbitrary and preventive detention measures;
- Rescind the Printing Presses and Publications Act, narrowing the definition of sedition and seditious tendency;
- Amend the Police Act to provide for reasonable and negotiated conditions for assembly;
- Abolish RELA and uphold the rights of migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers.
In addition, Human Rights Watch urges ratification of key international treaties, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
"During the early days of his government, Prime Minister Najib talked big on protecting human rights - but talk is cheap," Robertson said. "If the government really believes in its 1Malaysia campaign, then it should demonstrate real commitment to improving respect for the human rights of all Malaysians."
http://www.hrw.org/en/news/2010/01/20/malaysia-more-rhetoric-reality-human-rights |