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发表于 20-4-2010 09:32 AM
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谁可以告诉我现在lower six的chemistry的第一课是读什么的吗？
fly4444 发表于 19-4-2010 11:12 PM 
这是我从教育部那边的pdf copy出来的
chapter 1
Content
1 MATTER (10 periods)
1.1 (a) Electrons, protons, and neutrons as fundamental particles which are very important in chemistry; relative charge and relative masses of these particles
(b) Proton number, nucleon number, and isotopes
Note: Previously proton number and nucleon number were known as atomic number and mass number respectively.
1.2 Relative atomic masses, Ar, relative molecular masses, Mr, relative formula masses based on the 12C scale
1.3 Determination of the relative masses Ar and Mr by mass spectrometry method
1.4 Mole, the Avogadro constant, and applications of the mole concept to gases and solutions
1.5 States of matter
1.5.1 Gases
(a) The kinetic theory of gases − Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, and Dalton’s law
(b) The ideal gas equation pV = nRT and its use
(c) Deviations from ideality
1.5.2 Liquids
The kinetic concept of liquid state and simple kinetic molecular model for melting, vaporisation, and vapour pressure of pure liquids
1.5.3 Solids
(a) The structure of lattice, allotrope, and crystal system
(b) The changes in states of matter, phase diagrams of H2O and CO2. The processes of vaporisation, boiling, sublimation, freezing, melting, and critical points
Explanatory notes
Candidates should be able to
1. explain the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons in terms of their relative charges and relative masses
2. predict the behaviour of beams of protons, neutrons, and electrons in both electric and magnetic fields
3. explain the distribution of mass and charges within an atom
4. deduce the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons present in both neutral and charged species of a given proton (atomic) number and nucleon (mass) number
5. explain the contribution of protons and neutrons to atomic nuclei in terms of proton number and nucleon number
6. distinguish between isotopes based on the number of neutrons present; state examples of both stable and unstable isotopes
7. define the terms relative atomic, isotopic, molecular, and formula masses based on the 12C scale
8. interpret mass spectra in terms of relative abundance of isotopes and molecular fragments
9. calculate relative atomic mass of an element from the relative abundance of its isotopes or its mass spectrum
10. define the term mole in terms of the Avogadro constant
11. calculate the number of moles of reactants, volumes of gases, volumes of solutions, and concentration of solutions leading to stoichiometric deduction
12. explain the pressure and behaviour of ideal gas using the kinetic theory
13. explain qualitatively, in terms of molecular size and intermolecular forces, the conditions necessary for a gas approaching the ideal behaviour
14. define Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, and Dalton’s law
15. calculate the partial pressure of a gas and its composition based on Dalton’s law
16. use the pV = nRT equation in calculations; including the determination of the relative molecular mass, Mr
17. explain the limitation of ideality at very high pressures and very low temperatures
18. explain the kinetic concept of the liquid state
19. explain melting, vaporisation, and vapour pressure using simple kinetic molecular theory
20. define the boiling point and freezing point of liquids
21. explain qualitatively the properties of solid in terms of the arrangement of particles in three dimensions and the repeated pattern of unit cells
22. explain the terms lattice, unit cell, and allotrope of carbon (including fullerenes) and sulphur
23. identify the properties of the seven basic crystal structures: cubic, hexagonal, monoclinic, orthorhombic, rhombohedral, tetragonal, and triclinic, with suitable examples
24. sketch the phase diagram for water and carbon dioxide, and explain the anomalous behaviour of water
25. explain phase diagrams as graphical plots of experimentally determined results
26. interpret phase diagrams as curves describing the condition of equilibrium between phases and as regions each representing a single phase
27. predict how a phase may change with changes in temperature and pressure
28. discuss vaporisation, boiling, sublimation, freezing, melting, and critical points of H2O and CO2
29. explain the use of dry ice in industry |
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