太空探索工程 卫星发射 剪报评论

pfg1group

魏家祥：教育部會積極加強
學生對外太空知識
http://www.chinapress.com.my/con ... mp;art=0408mc44.txt

（吉隆坡7日訊）教育部副部長魏家祥指出，教育部會加強學生對外太空領域的知識。

他說，過去外太空或宇宙領域，一直都不備受人關注，不過，在太空人賽慕斯扎法掀起一股熱潮后，引起國人關注。

他說，教育部會以開明態度看待，賽慕斯扎法指政府應著重科學基礎發展，因為還有不少學生連星座和行星不甚瞭解的看法。

他說，會在近期內會見教育部負責掌管課外活動官員時，商討賽慕斯扎法呼籲設更多太空協會的建議。

他是針對賽慕斯扎法的言論，受《中國報》電訪時，這麼說。

大馬首位太空人賽慕斯扎法昨天出席瑪拉工藝大學激勵講座，指政府不必急著再送第2名太空人升空的言論，因尚有不少學生連行星和星座常識都不知。

同意賽慕斯扎法看法

魏家祥同意賽慕斯扎法的看法，並指其言論，相當中肯及務實。

他說，賽慕斯扎法升空已掀起熱潮，第二太空人升空計劃就算取消，也不無不可。

詢及教育部是否探討和賽慕斯扎法合作提升學生對宇航知識時，他認為，要提升學對對這方面知識，教育部需和科學、工藝及革新部進行配合和推動。

“要有效推動這項計劃，有必要制定大藍圖，確保兩個部門的合作，能達至相輔相成效果。”

kl90

The Expedition 17 crew to make last-minute preparations before Tuesday’s launch to the station. Commander Sergei Volkov, Flight Engineer Oleg Kononenko and spaceflight participant So-yeon Yi are scheduled to launch at 7:16 a.m. EDT Tuesday aboard a Soyuz rocket(Soyuz TMA-12) from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

kl90

<a href="http://img329.imageshack.us/my.php?image=080402tm14crew02ph3.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://img329.imageshack.us/img329/9884/080402tm14crew02ph3.th.jpg" border="0" alt="Free Image Hosting at www.ImageShack.us" /></a><br /><br /><a href="http://img604.imageshack.us/content.php?page=blogpost&files=img329/9884/080402tm14crew02ph3.jpg" title="QuickPost"><img src="http://imageshack.us/img/butansn.png" alt="QuickPost" border="0"></a> Quickpost this image to Myspace, Digg, Facebook, and others!


BAIKONUR, Kazakhstan (AP) - The woman slated to become South Korea's first astronaut said Monday she hopes her time in space will encourage closer ties between the divided Koreas.

"I hope someday they will be one, and I hope the North Korean people will be happy with my flight,'' said Yi So-yeon, a 29-year-old bioengineering student.

"I'm a daughter of North Korea and a daughter of South Korea. I hope the people of Korea believe that,'' she said, one day before her scheduled blastoff from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the remote scrubland of western Kazakhstan.

Yi will be joined in her two-day journey to the International Space Station by flight engineer Oleg Kononenko, 43, and Sergei Volkov, 34, the pilot of the spacecraft and son of a decorated Soviet cosmonaut. He will be the first second-generation space traveler.

Appearing before reporters in their last public appearance before the mission, the crew appeared calm but haggard as they approached the end of their rigorous training period, and they offered some final words of wisdom for children worldwide - never abandon your dreams.

The South Korean government has a US$20 million (euro13 million) deal with Russia for the flight. Yi was among 36,000 applicants for the job in a 2006 nationwide competition.

She was originally chosen as a backup to Ko San, an expert in artificial intelligence, and was not expected to fly. But Ko was replaced by Yi after Russian officials accused him of the unauthorized removal of technical manuals from the Star City cosmonaut training center near Moscow.

Ko, who has apologized and remains a backup member of the crew, praised Yi and shrugged off his disappointment at losing his seat on the flight.

"I am happy,'' he told reporters at the cosmonaut preparation center here. The center serves as the cosmonauts' hotel as they prepare for space flights.

Yi has drawn intense attention from the South Korean and Russian media. About 50 journalists from the Korean SBS network are in Baikonur to cover the flight.

Asked by reporters what she would do first in space, she said: "At first I cry 'Wow.'"

She said she plans to carry photographs of her family and Ko with her, and to serenade her fellow astronauts on Wednesday - Cosmonauts' Day - with a song that, she said, will remain secret until then.

Sim Eunsup, director of the Korea Aerospace Research Institute's Space Applications Center, told reporters he was satisfied with the Russian space program. He also said South Korea has no plans to send additional astronauts into space.

"But in my personal opinion, I hope that Korea invests in the astronaut program," he said.

Volkov and his father, Alexander Volkov, have said little publicly about the distinction of being the first father-son cosmonaut team. Sergei Volkov said earlier this month that if his own son wanted to become a cosmonaut he would have serious discussions with him about the decision.

The elder Volkov appeared at the rollout of the rocket to the launch site Sunday to check preparations. The veteran cosmonaut logged up 391 days in space on three separate space missions in the 1980s and early 1990s.

On his last journey, he left Earth as a Soviet citizen and returned as a citizen of the new Russian Federation, following the breakup of the Soviet Union.

The Soyuz was expected to dock with the station on Thursday, and Volkov and Kononenko are both scheduled to spend six months as part of the orbiting station's crew. Astronaut Garrett Reisman, who arrived last month on the U.S. space shuttle Endeavor, is currently on board the station.

Yi is to return to Earth on April 19 along with two of the station's current occupants, U.S. astronaut Peggy Whitson and flight engineer Yuri Malenchenko.

NASA will broadcast the launch of Expedition 17 toward the ISS live on NASA TV beginning at 6:15 a.m. EDT (1015 GMT). Click here for SPACE.com's NASA TV feed and live ISS mission updates.

kl90

[img=http://img329.imageshack.us/img329/9884/080402tm14crew02ph3.th.jpg]

kl90

kl90

Two cosmonauts and a South Korean mechanical engineer will launch today for the International Space Station aboard Soyuz TMA-12. Liftoff from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan is scheduled for 7:16 a.m. EDT.

Relieving station Commander Peggy Whitson will be Lt. Col. Sergei Volkov, 35, who will serve aboard the station with fellow cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, 43, and NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman, 40.

Volkov and Kononenko will stay for six months, while Reisman will depart on Discovery in early June, after being replaced by NASA astronaut Dr. Greg Chamitoff.

Replacing Whitson, an Iowa farm girl turned NASA ironwoman, won't be easy. As commander, Whitson oversaw the installation of three space station modules and the assembly of a Canadian robot. She also oversaw 17 spacewalks and participated in several of them.

Tasks under her command usually started early and came off without a hitch. Her charming, hard-charging personality drew only one complaint.

"My biggest worry was that she was going to break the exercise equipment," said Dr. Smith Johnston, Expedition 16 lead flight surgeon.

Johnson has monitored Whitson's health during her stay on the space station. He is confident Whitson has not suffered from the muscle wasting often associated with long stays in microgravity.

"She'll come back as strong or stronger," said Johnson.

Whitson led the space station while about 60 scientific experiments were performed, supporting the work of some 276 scientists worldwide.

After a change of command ceremony on April 17, Whitson, with cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and South Korean payload specialist So-Yeon Yi, will return to Earth on April 19 in Kazakhstan.

Initially the back up, Yi, a 29-year-old female biotechnology engineer, was selected after the first choice was grounded for removing sensitive training material from a Russian center.

Soyuz timeline:

-Today: Expedition 17 launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on Soyuz TMA-12 with South Korean spaceflight participant

-April 10: Expedition 17 docks to the International Space Station’s Pirs Docking Compartment on Soyuz TMA-12 with South Korean spaceflight participant

-April 17: Change of command ceremony with departing Expedition 16 crew

-April 19: Undocking and landing of Expedition 16 crew from Zarya Module and landing in Kazakhstan on Soyuz TMA-11 with South Korean spaceflight participant

kl90

[img=http://img387.imageshack.us/img387/677/jsc2008e027004dj2.th.jpg]

Expedition 17 Commander Sergei Volkov (center), Flight Engineer Oleg Kononenko (right) and South Korean spaceflight participant So-yeon Yi

Two cosmonauts and a South Korean mechanical engineer will launch today for the International Space Station aboard Soyuz TMA-12. Liftoff from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan is scheduled for 7:16 a.m. EDT.

Relieving station Commander Peggy Whitson will be Lt. Col. Sergei Volkov, 35, who will serve aboard the station with fellow cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, 43, and NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman, 40.

Volkov and Kononenko will stay for six months, while Reisman will depart on Discovery in early June, after being replaced by NASA astronaut Dr. Greg Chamitoff.

Replacing Whitson, an Iowa farm girl turned NASA ironwoman, won't be easy. As commander, Whitson oversaw the installation of three space station modules and the assembly of a Canadian robot. She also oversaw 17 spacewalks and participated in several of them.

Tasks under her command usually started early and came off without a hitch. Her charming, hard-charging personality drew only one complaint.

"My biggest worry was that she was going to break the exercise equipment," said Dr. Smith Johnston, Expedition 16 lead flight surgeon.

Johnson has monitored Whitson's health during her stay on the space station. He is confident Whitson has not suffered from the muscle wasting often associated with long stays in microgravity.

"She'll come back as strong or stronger," said Johnson.

Whitson led the space station while about 60 scientific experiments were performed, supporting the work of some 276 scientists worldwide.

After a change of command ceremony on April 17, Whitson, with cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and South Korean payload specialist So-Yeon Yi, will return to Earth on April 19 in Kazakhstan.

Initially the back up, Yi, a 29-year-old female biotechnology engineer, was selected after the first choice was grounded for removing sensitive training material from a Russian center.

Soyuz timeline:

-Today: Expedition 17 launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on Soyuz TMA-12 with South Korean spaceflight participant

-April 10: Expedition 17 docks to the International Space Station’s Pirs Docking Compartment on Soyuz TMA-12 with South Korean spaceflight participant

-April 17: Change of command ceremony with departing Expedition 16 crew

-April 19: Undocking and landing of Expedition 16 crew from Zarya Module and landing in Kazakhstan on Soyuz TMA-11 with South Korean spaceflight participant

pfg1group

第一位南韓女太空人(李素妍)乘坐的太空船，昨晚八點十六分，在哈薩克(拜科努爾)基地發射成功。

據南韓「聯合通訊社」報導，南韓第一位女太空人李素妍，昨晚和船長(波爾科夫)和飛行工程師(科諾南柯)，一起乘坐俄羅斯的太空飛船「聯合號」，飛往太空。李素妍乘坐的太空船，將在往後的兩天堙A圍繞地球三十三到三十四圈，在這一過程中逐漸升高，第三天在三百五十公里的上空，和國際太空站進行連接。

南韓女太空人李素妍，在這次飛行中，預定在太空站停留十一天，進行多種科學試驗。然後於十九號，與已工作六個月的美國女太空人(惠特森)和俄羅斯太空人(馬連琴科)，一同返回地球。

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
帶著泡菜　南韓首位太空人上太空
http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080409/17/wx44.html



8日對南韓而言是一個重要的里程碑。因為29歲的南韓首位太空人李素妍，已經在台北時間晚間7點16分，搭乘太空梭順利進入太空。

韓國首位太空人李素妍和其他兩名俄羅斯籍的太空人，從哈薩克的貝康諾太空中心發射升空，在發射前夕記者會中可以看見李素妍非常開心，臉上總是掛著興奮的笑容，李素妍甚至把辛辣的韓國泡菜帶到太空船上，她打算抵達國際太空站後拿出來享用，並且成為史上第一個在太空吃韓國泡菜的人類。

pfg1group

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080409/19/wx5e.html

（法新社哈薩克貝康諾八日電） 南韓首位太空人李素妍今天搭乘太空船升空，她的母親在場參觀，但顯然過於緊張，尖叫一聲昏倒在地。

另一項歷史性創舉則是另一位俄羅斯太空人伏科夫追隨父親的腳步也登上太空，父子兩人創造了第一個太空王朝，老伏科夫是俄羅斯知名的太空人。

俄國的「聯合號」火箭從貝康諾太空中心發射升空，飛向藍天，這時李素妍的母親丁錦淑（譯音）突然尖叫一聲，昏倒在地，俄羅斯醫療人員趕緊將她帶走。

南韓太空官員說，現年五十七歲的丁錦淑甦醒後，簡單解釋自己會昏倒是因為「非常擔心」。

發射後數分鐘，俄國太空控制中心證實載著三名太空人的聯合號太空船已成功抵達軌道。

南韓航空宇宙研究院官員沈銀燮（譯音）離開觀看火箭發射的平台時說：「這真是驚奇，真是令人難以相信。」

沈銀燮說，他希望李素妍這趟歷史性飛行，象徵亞洲經濟強權南韓展開載人太空計畫。

太空船將飛行兩天前往國際太空站，並與太空站的常駐太空人生活在一起，十九日返回地球。

稍早李素妍說，她希望北韓人民也能分享她的「成功」，並稱她可以鼓勵兩韓和解。

pfg1group

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080409/17/wxyo.html



南韓史上第一位太空人、現年29歲的李素妍在台北時間8日晚間搭乘俄國太空船順利進入太空，為南韓寫下歷史，全南韓人都感到鼓舞，總統李明博更宣示南韓要在10年內成為太空強權。

南韓第一位太空人李素妍8日搭乘俄羅斯聯合號太空船順利升空，這一幕感動了許多南韓民眾，在同一時間，總統李明博也舉起右手倒數。李明博說：「我們正在打開太空時代，有許多年輕世代對這個無限的空間抱著夢想，我想韓國在10年之內將成為一個太空強權。」

大批民眾8日晚間聚集在首爾為李素妍加油，有的人歡欣鼓舞臉上充滿了笑容，小朋友們也受到激勵，南韓民眾說：「這好有趣也充滿神秘，我為我們國家快成為太空強權而開心，我也要專心為國家做些偉大的事情。」

南韓為了參與太空任務，由政府出資6億1000多萬新台幣贊助這次計劃，李素妍和兩位俄國太空人將在聯合號太空船中航行兩天後抵達國際太空站，在站上停留9天進行18項實驗。李素妍也將在本週六人類升空紀念日把帶上太空的韓國泡菜拿出來烹調享用，同時再獻唱一曲歌謠，讓這次任務充滿濃濃的韓國味。

現年29歲的李素妍不但是南韓第一位太空人，也是史上最年輕的女太空人，她今年二月才拿到生物科技博士學位，這次打敗3萬6000名候選人被甄選上接受太空訓練，原本是後備角色，但是因原定的男太空人受訓期間行為不佳，李素妍才被臨時換上場。李素妍從小對政治很有興趣，志向是當總統，因此她在升空前表示，希望北韓人民也能分享她的榮耀。

pfg1group

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080409/11/wyab.html



佛羅理安波特和其他六位太空人正在進行一趟虛擬火星任務，6人必須躺在床上整整2個月，聽音樂、收發電子郵件，通通模擬真實太空艙內的情境，最重要的是，他們得找出一套，太空人健身的方法。

德國柏林科學實驗室預測，在短短幾年的時間內，人類將有機會上火星，不過從地球到火星需要一年的時間，長期處在無重力狀態下，太空人的肌肉骨骼容易萎縮。

而這套稱為伽利略的運動器材，透過高速震動，在短短的幾秒內，可以密集訓練太空人的肌耐力，相當方便。

目前太空人出勤，任務最長可達半年之久，需要耗時一年的火星飛行，隨時都有機會成真，為了確保人類登上火星時，體能維持在最佳狀態，就算在床上吃飯很彆扭，這群太空人也是甘之如飴。(民視新聞綜合報導)

pfg1group

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080411/1/x2w7.html



南韓第一位女太空人(李素妍)乘坐的俄羅斯「聯合號」太空船，昨晚十點左右，與「國際太空站」連接成功。

據南韓航空宇宙研究院的消息指出，俄羅斯「聯合號」太空船，飛行四十九小時又三十多分鐘、繞地球三十三圈，將高度與「國際太空站」的三百八十公里保持一致，而後於昨晚十點左右接近國際太空站，並將圓錐螺絲狀的探針插入了國際太空站。

李素妍和船長(波爾科夫)及工程師(科諾南柯)等三人，於今天凌晨零點五十分左右完成連接後，打開聯合號和國際太空站的連接大門、進入國際太空站。

報導指出，李素妍成為國際太空站的第158位訪客。

pfg1group

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080411/1/x2w7.html



南韓第一位女太空人(李素妍)乘坐的俄羅斯「聯合號」太空船，昨晚十點左右，與「國際太空站」連接成功。

據南韓航空宇宙研究院的消息指出，俄羅斯「聯合號」太空船，飛行四十九小時又三十多分鐘、繞地球三十三圈，將高度與「國際太空站」的三百八十公里保持一致，而後於昨晚十點左右接近國際太空站，並將圓錐螺絲狀的探針插入了國際太空站。

李素妍和船長(波爾科夫)及工程師(科諾南柯)等三人，於今天凌晨零點五十分左右完成連接後，打開聯合號和國際太空站的連接大門、進入國際太空站。

報導指出，李素妍成為國際太空站的第158位訪客。

kl90

[img=http://img510.imageshack.us/img510/677/080410exp17exp1602eq7.th.jpg]

[img=http://img510.imageshack.us/img510/2799/080410exp17docking02cg3.th.jpg]



Crewmembers aboard the International Space Station (ISS) welcomed the arrival of a Russian spacecraft bearing their replacements and South Korea's first astronaut early Thursday.

Russian cosmonauts Sergei Volkov and Oleg Kononenko, and South Korean spaceflyer So-yeon Yi pulled in at the station aboard their Soyuz TMA-12 spacecraft, which docked with the outpost's Earth-facing Pirs module at about 8:57 a.m. EDT (1257 GMT). The two vehicles were flying over northern Kazakhstan when they connected.

"Helly Peggy, Hello Yuri!" Volkov said to current space station residents Peggy Whitson and Yuri Malenchenko after the docking.

The three rookie spaceflyers launched on April 8 at 7:16 a.m. EDT (1116 GMT) from the Central Asian spaceport of Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

Yi's journey represents a landmark achievement for her country.

"We are proud to have our first Korean astronaut," said Hong-yul Paik, head of the state-run Korea Aerospace Research Institute, at a press conference at Russia's ISS Mission Control after the docking. "I believe that through this program, the cooperation between Russia and Korea will be strengthened... It's a great moment."

The crew opened the hatches between the space station and the Soyuz spacecraft at 11:40 a.m. EDT (1540 GMT). Shortly afterward, the six spaceflyers gathered for a welcoming ceremony where they spoke with international dignitaries at the Russian mission control center outside Moscow.

Volkov, the first second-generation spaceflyer to reach space, received congratulations in Russian from his father, famed cosmonaut Alexander Volkov.

Yi also received well-wishes from Korean spaceflight representatives.

"I feel really great," she said. "I will try to do my best and I will spend all my energy for Koreans."

After speaking with a family member in Korean, she made a heart shape with her arms above her head.

Whitson, who served as ISS Expedition 16 commander, and Yuri Malenchenko, Expedition 17 flight engineer, will be relieved by Volkov and Kononenko. The third current station inhabitant, U.S. astronaut Garrett Reisman, will stay onboard as a flight engineer for the new Expedition 17.

"It will be breaking in a new crew of myself plus Sergei Volkov, will be the new space station commander, and Oleg Kononenko, who will be the new flight engineer, along with myself," Reisman said in a preflight NASA interview. "We also have coming up as part of that taxi crew, the first South Korean astronaut, so it's a very exciting time with lots of people coming and going as you can tell."

He will officially become a member of the new mission when he exchanges his custom-made Soyuz seat cushion with Yi, who is due to ride back to Earth with Whitson and Malenchenko April 19 on a Soyuz TMA-11 spacecraft.

The almost 11-day crew-swap period will be a busy time, filled with science experiments and training activities for the new crew.

"Actually I expect it's going to be a very interesting but a hard time, really a hard time," said Volkov, who will serve as commander of the new Expedition 17 mission, in a preflight NASA interview.

Yi, a 29-year-old mechanical and bioengineer, will stay onboard for the handover period as part of a $25 million commercial arrangement between Russia and South Korea. During her stay she will perform science experiments and educational activities.

South Korean President Lee Myung-bak watched the launch of his country's first astronaut in a live broadcast from Seoul City Hall's outdoor plaza, according to South Korean news agency Yonhap.

He said Yi's mission "will be used as a stepping-stone for the country's aim to become a top-seven space power within 10 years' time, and would help South Korea launch its own space vehicle carrying its own satellite by 2020," according to Yonhap.

Yi, Malenchenko and Whitson are slated to land on the steppes of Kazakhstan next week after a 3 &#189;-hour journey home from the space station.

Whitson, the first female ISS mission commander, and the record-holder for the woman with the most spacewalking time under her belt, will be returning home after a six-month stay aboard the orbital outpost.

The new Expedition 17 members will be the first crew to begin their stay on a space station that includes hardware from all of the participating countries. Their mission will serve to help install the new Japanese Kibo laboratory on the station, prepare the orbital lab to host larger six-person crews in 2009 and oversee the departure of Europe's Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) Jules Verne.

"I think one of the most exciting parts [is that] we are going to undock ATV, that I think the whole program has been waiting for a very long period of time," Volkov said in a preflight interview.

The mission marks the first trip into space for both Volkov, who is a second-generation spaceflyer (his father was famed cosmonaut Alexander Volkov) and for Kononenko.

"As far back as I remember myself I always wanted to become a cosmonaut," Kononenko said in a preflight interview. "After I graduated from high school I made a conscious decision to go to the aviation institute and I wanted to become a cosmonaut. Maybe for a human it's not so very good to have just one goal in life, but so it is with me."

kl90

pfg1group

http://www.chinapress.com.my/breaking_new.asp?a=0412bkf12.txt

美國去年底發射上太空的一枚強力軍事通訊衛星，將於下星期起正式投入運作。這枚新衛星的運行軌道將會橫越太平洋，是軍方一個由6枚衛星組成的龐大通訊網絡的一部分，將來處理的數據流量，將會是現時的10倍，可為美軍、盟國和其他聯盟夥伴，提供更加先進和全面的通訊服務。

美國空軍太空指揮部指出，即將正式投入運作的，是波音集團建造的「寬頻全球衛星系統」（Wideband Global Satellite，簡稱WGS）的其中1枚。單是這枚衛星所提供的數據、影像和聲音容量，已經超過那10枚舊衛星。軍方準備利用這個新系統，逐步取代現時在太空軌道上運行的大約10枚舊衛星。

空軍太空指揮部轄下的軍事衛星通訊組主管沃爾夫說：「我們預期可以在下星期開始，把通訊網絡由現時的舊衛星，轉移到新衛星之上。」

按照美國擬定的計劃，新的通訊系統初時只是由5枚強力衛星組成，但澳洲去年同意加入這項計劃及注入資金，把衛星數目增至6枚。美國軍方於01年把建造合約判給波音集團。

kl90

pfg1group

http://news.xinhuanet.com/tech/2008-04/16/content_7985598.htm

  据英国媒体4月15日报道，众所周知，地球的大气和海洋正因堆积如山的垃圾而遭受严重污染。而欧洲航天局地面控制中心近日公布的电脑模拟图像显示，“太空垃圾”已经让地球上空成了一个垃圾场。

　　50年将太空变成垃圾场

    按照火箭科学家专业的说法，它们被称为“轨道碎片”，不过一般人都将其称为“太空垃圾”。

    如今，太空垃圾日益成为人类面临的一个难题。我们51年前将第一个航天器发射到太空———苏联第一颗人造卫星。半个世纪过去了，我们已经将太空变成了一个垃圾场，里面充斥着无数的碎片。在这里，数百颗卫星、一个国际空间站、一个太空望远镜、大量行星间探测器正在运行。

    航天器会掉落大气层化为灰烬，但这一过程通常需要几个月时间。还有数百万太空碎片在距地面2万英里的地球静止轨道周围徘徊，始终不散去。

    构成这些碎片的包括废弃的航天器和报废卫星，火箭外包装，碰撞和对接期间产生的金属片，螺母和螺栓，不慎丢弃的工具，以及从载人飞船上扔下的宇航员排泄物。俄罗斯“和平”号空间站虽为人类太空探索作出过重大贡献，但也在运行过程中产生了200多包垃圾。

    1994年，“飞马座”无人火箭爆炸，瞬间化为30万件直径超过八分之一英寸的碎片。

    “发生惨剧只是时间问题”

    如今，美宇航局和其他机构逐渐地将部分太空垃圾编成目录。太空垃圾之所以受到如此重视，是因为它们严重威胁着宇航员和航天器安全。一小块涂料在太空的飞行速度能达到时速数万英里，一旦撞到国际空间站上，它们能轻而易举在空间站外壳留下凹痕，甚至能撞裂玻璃。

    幸运的是，现代航天器装备有防护屏，能够使直径达到半英寸的物体撞击方向发生偏转。

    此外，太空无比浩瀚，这些太空垃圾之间的空间很大，撞击的可能性微乎其微。

    但是，专家仍指出这种惨剧的发生只是时间的问题。悲哀的是，清除太空垃圾远比清除地球上的垃圾困难得多。

--------------------------------------------------------------------
太空垃圾 人造衛星殺手http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080416/78/xd7c.html

[size=122%] 〔編譯胡立宗綜合報導〕太空垃圾的數量可能遠超乎人類想像。據估計，離地三萬六千公里的同步軌道上，可能有數以千萬計太空垃圾，這些就算只有零點幾公分大碎片，卻因為時速高達幾萬公里，一旦撞上太空船或人造衛星，將引發難以想像的災難。
英國每日郵報所取得的示意圖顯示，廢棄太空船、失去功能的人造衛星、推進火箭外殼、爆炸解體的火箭，以及各種各樣的廢棄物，已經在商用衛星的同步軌道形成一層「太空垃圾層」。
這些垃圾體積或許不大，但卻是太空任務最不可忽略潛在殺手，即使是一小片塗料，如果以高速撞上國際太空站，很可能會讓外殼凹陷或是窗戶破損；如果太空漫步中的太空人遭到最小顆的螺絲撞擊，鐵定馬上命喪黃泉。
美國航太總署和其他一些太空單位，都有各自的太空垃圾追蹤網；太空監控網甚至能掌握長寬○．二五公分以上垃圾物。監控網一旦發現太空垃圾接近太空梭數公里範圍、且碰撞機率高於萬分之一，太空梭就會自動採迴避動作。
雖然嚴重撞擊案例很罕見，緊急迴避的例子一兩年也才一次，但這是因為太空空間很大，垃圾與垃圾間的空隙還夠，加上新型太空船都有能彈開小型撞擊物的防護層。但隨著垃圾數量越來越多，未來難保不會發生造成嚴重傷亡的撞擊。


[ 本帖最后由 pfg1group 于 16-4-2008 07:19 PM 编辑 ]

pfg1group

http://tw.news.yahoo.com/article/url/d/a/080416/19/xdkt.html

（法新社柏林十五日電） 德國「波茨坦新聞報」今天報導，美國航空暨太空總署（NASA）科學家計算並發佈的阿波菲斯（Apophis）小行星撞擊地球機率，遭一名十三歲德國學生更正。

這名叫尼可馬夸特的中學生利用波茨坦天文館中天文望遠鏡收集的資訊計算出，阿波菲斯小行星撞擊地球的機率為一比四百五十。

NASA過去算出的機率是一比四萬五千，但它向平行單位歐洲太空總署（ESA）表示，這名小神童算對了。

馬夸特思考阿波菲斯在二零二九年四月十三日，沿著路徑行進撞擊一個或數個繞著地球運行的四萬顆衛星的危險性。

這些衛星以每秒三點零七公里的速度前進，距離地球最遠距離是三萬五千八百八十公里。阿波菲斯小行星將在三萬兩千五百公里遠處通過地球。

假如它在二零二九年撞擊到一顆衛星，就會改變它的軌道，在二零三六年撞上地球。

kl90

http://www.space.com/missionlaun ... tation-command.html


The first female commander of the International Space Station (ISS) handed control of the orbiting laboratory over to a new crew Thursday as she prepares for a return to Earth this weekend.

NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson turned the station's reins over to Russian cosmonaut Sergei Volkov in a traditional ceremony before her planned Saturday landing on the steppes of Kazakhstan in Central Asia.

A Russian Soyuz TMA-11 spacecraft is scheduled to ferry Whitson, cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and bioengineer So-yeon Yi — South Korea's first astronaut — back to Earth on April 19 for their planned at about 4:30 a.m. EDT (0830 GMT) landing.

"I'm officially handing over the International Space Station over to Sergei Volkov, and I'm very happy to do so," Whitson said during the brief, televised ceremony. "We've had a really great privilege and honor to be here on the station when so much has changed, and we feel like we're handing over a very beautiful station to you guys and look forward to your work."

Whitson passed the 374-day mark in space on Wednesday to set a new U.S. record for the most cumulative time in orbit.

She is wrapping up the station's Expedition 16 mission with Malenchenko after six months in space. They launched to the station last October and hosted three visiting NASA shuttle crews that boosted the outpost's living space by delivering a connecting module, European laboratory and, most recently, a Japanese storage room and Canadian robot.

"Thank you so much for such a pretty station, a beautiful station," said Volkov, the second-generation cosmonaut in command station's new Expedition 17 crew. "We wish for you a safe trip back home and good luck."

Volkov and Expedition 17 flight engineer Oleg Kononenko launched to the space station with Yi on April 8 and arrived two days later. The third member of their crew, NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman, was already aboard the station as an Expedition 16 flight engineer.

Yi, 29, is flying a 10-day mission under a $25 million commercial agreement between Russia and South Korea. She will complete a series of experiments and educational outreach activities before departing the station with Whitson and Malenchenko.

"As parting gifts, we have a couple for you...the first one is Garrett," Whitson told Volkov as the six station astronauts erupted with laughter. "I know he's going to be a great addition to your crew."

Reisman arrived at the station in mid-March during a NASA shuttle mission. His replacement is due to arrive in early June.

Whitson also presented Volkov with her leftover supply of hot sauce, which she served as a staple during meals aboard the space station.

"You're in control now," she told Volkov. "You have the sauce."

NASA will broadcast the undocking and landing of Yi and the station's Expedition 16 crew live on NASA TV beginning Friday at 9:30 p.m. EDT (0130 April 19 GMT). Click here for SPACE.com's ISS mission updates and NASA TV feed.