馬勞1天喝幾杯咖啡? 最好不要超過5杯!
Caffeine is a part of many adults' daily routine and a morning brew usually helps them kick-start the day. But caffeine can also be a substance that people consume unknowingly as it is found not only in coffee, but also in other food and beverage products, and even medication.
While ingesting caffeine generally has no ill effects, too much of it is not a good thing either.
Late last year, a man in his 20s from Kyushu, Japan, was reported to have died from a caffeine overdose. He had drunk too many highly caffeinated drinks to help him stay awake in his job at a 24-hour petrol stand.
While rare, caffeine overdose has been reported elsewhere as well. So how much is too much?
Dr Lui Hock Foong, a gastroenterologist at Gleneagles Hospital, said a typical coffee drinker has nothing to worry about as a lethal dose of caffeine is 10-15g a day, which translates to 100 cups of coffee.
"It's difficult to consume this amount over a short time," he said.
"In the case of the Japanese man, he was consuming caffeinated energy drinks, which are more concentrated in caffeine. Caffeine pills were also found in his stomach."
However, it is easy to overdose on caffeine powder, which are sold as stimulants, warned Dr Lui.
"One can reach the lethal dose through ingestion, as in the case of an American teenager who died from caffeine toxicity in 2014," he pointed out.
The Food and Drug Administration in the United States has issued a consumer warning on powdered caffeine, as a teaspoon of it has the same amount of caffeine as about 28 cups of regular coffee.
Dr Desmond Wai, a gastroenterologist and hepatologist at Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre, said caffeine poisoning is now being recognised.
It is believed to be caused by the large intake of coffee within a short time and the cause of death is usually arrhythmia, or an abnormal heart rate, he said.
The caffeine level in blood is also affected by the way the coffee is made. Brewed coffee has more caffeine than instant coffee. Other factors include the volume of the coffee cup and drinks that are consumed around the same time, he added.
Here are four more things to note about caffeine.
DO NOT EXCEED FIVE CUPS OF COFFEE A DAY
The daily recommended caffeine intake for adults should not exceed 400mg a day, said Dr Lui.
Children should not consume caffeine at all and adolescents should limit their intake to at most 100mg a day, according to Mayo Clinic in the US.
Generally, an adult should not drink more than:
•Four to five cups of coffee, which have 80-100mg of caffeine per cup on average;
•Twelve cans of a standard Coca-Cola, with each containing 34mg of caffeine;
•Six cans of high-caffeine soft drinks, with 70mg of caffeine per can; or
•Five cans of energy drinks with 80mg of caffeine per can; or two cans if the energy drink contains double that amount of caffeine.
CAFFEINE IS FOUND NOT ONLY IN COFFEE AND CAFFEINE PRODUCTS
Tea can contain about one-quarter of the amount of caffeine in coffee, said Dr Lui.
Energy drinks, such as Red Bull and Monster, contain caffeine too.
Other products with caffeine include NoDoz caffeine supplements, Coca-Cola, Diet Cola, chocolate and medication, like Panadol Extra, said Dr Wai.
He suggested that drinkers try to limit themselves to two or three cups of coffee daily.
"Caffeine will naturally be broken down by our body, though drinking more water can help bring down the level in our body," he said.
INCREASED INTAKE DOES NOT EQUATE TO INCREASED ALERTNESS
Drinking more than the safe recommended intake level can make you feel worse as caffeine is a stimulant of the nervous system.
Doses above 1g will trigger unpleasant symptoms such as hand tremors, headaches, restlessness, heart palpitations and increased urination, said Dr Lui.
"Consuming caffeine above this limit can lead to caffeine toxicity that is potentially fatal."
Too much caffeine also causes diarrhoea and heartburn, said Dr Wai.
Dr Lui said one should resist the temptation to continually increase caffeine intake to keep awake as it is largely counterproductive.
"A minimum period of rest is essential for the body and should not be curtailed with stimulants."
CAFFEINE IS BENEFICIAL ONLY IN MODERATE AMOUNTS
New studies have confirmed the generally positive effects of caffeine when taken in modest quantities, said Dr Lui. The benefits are seen in the enhancement of physical and mental performances, as well as protective effects from several chronic illnesses, he said.
Said Dr Wai: "Drinking coffee has been shown to reduce risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, neurological diseases, liver diseases and even suicides."
咖啡因是不少成年人的日常生活的一部分，一個上午釀造通常有助於他們踢，開始新的一天。但咖啡因也可以是人消耗不知不覺，因為它被發現不僅在咖啡，而且在其他食品和飲料產品，甚至藥物的物質。
雖然攝入咖啡因一般沒有不良影響，太多了，是不是一件好事任。
去年年底，在他20多歲，從九州，日本一名男子，據報導，從咖啡因過量死亡。他喝了太多的高含咖啡因的飲料，以幫助他保持清醒的他的工作在24小時汽油的立場。
雖然罕見，過量的咖啡因已在別處報導也是如此。因此，有多少是太多了？
呂明華福永豐，腸胃病在鷹閣醫院，說一個典型的喝咖啡有什麼好擔心的是一個致命劑量的咖啡因是10-15G一天，相當於100杯咖啡。
“這是很難消耗這一數額在很短的時間，”他說。
“在日本的人的情況下，他被消耗含咖啡因的能量飲料，其中多集中於咖啡因。咖啡因藥片中也發現他的胃。”
然而，很容易過量服用咖啡因粉末，這是作為興奮劑出售，警告呂博士。
“人們可以通過攝入達到致死劑量，如在美國少年誰咖啡因中毒在2014年去世的情況下，”他指出。
在美國的食品和藥物管理局已發出有關粉末咖啡因消費警示，因為它一茶匙有咖啡因約28杯普通咖啡的量相同。
醫生德斯蒙德圍，腸胃病和肝病 - 伊麗莎白諾維娜專科中心表示，咖啡因中毒，現在被認可。
它被認為是由大攝入咖啡短時間內引起和死亡的原因通常是心律失常，或異常心臟速率，他說。
血液中的咖啡因水平還受咖啡製成的方式。煮的咖啡比速溶咖啡更多的咖啡因。其他因素包括咖啡杯和飲料被大約在同一時間所消耗的量，他補充說。
這裡有四個更多的事情需要注意的咖啡因。
不要超過咖啡，每天五杯
每日推薦的咖啡因攝入量為成人不應超過400毫克，每天呂博士說。
兒童不宜食用咖啡因都和青少年應該限制其攝入量最多為100毫克每天，根據梅奧診所在美國。
一般來說，一個成年人應該不超過多飲：
•四到五杯咖啡，其中有每杯平均咖啡因80-100mg;
•十二罐標準的可口可樂，咖啡因各含34mg;
•六罐高咖啡因的飲料，每罐的咖啡因70毫克;要么
•五罐能量飲料每罐咖啡因80毫克;或者兩罐如果能量飲料含有雙咖啡因的量。
咖啡因不僅存在於咖啡和咖啡因產品
茶可以包含大約四分之一咖啡因的咖啡量，呂博士說。
能量飲料，如紅牛和怪獸，含有咖啡因也。
其他產品含有咖啡因包括NoDoz咖啡因的補充，可口可樂，健怡可樂，巧克力和藥物，如撲熱息痛外，偉博士說。
他建議，飲酒者試圖每天限制自己的咖啡兩三杯。
“咖啡因自然會被人體分解，雖然多喝水可以幫助降低我們身體的水平，”他說。
攝入量增加並不等同於提高警覺
飲酒超過安全推薦攝入量水平可以讓你感覺更糟，因為咖啡因是中樞神經系統的興奮劑。
劑量1G以上會引發不愉快的症狀，如手震，頭痛，煩躁不安，心悸心臟，增加排尿，呂博士說。
“消費超過該限制咖啡因可以導致咖啡因中毒是潛在致命的。”
過量的咖啡因也會導致腹瀉和胃灼熱，偉博士說。
呂醫生說應該抵制誘惑，不斷地增加咖啡因攝入量，以保持清醒，因為它在很大程度上是適得其反。
“休息的最小週期是人體必需的，不應該用興奮劑限制。”
咖啡因有利於僅對中等量
新的研究已經證實咖啡因的普遍積極影響時，在溫和的量服用，呂博士說。其優點是出現在身體和精神的表演，以及從多種慢性疾病具有保護作用的增強，他說。
所述圍博士：“飲酒咖啡已經顯示減少心血管疾病，神經系統疾病，肝臟疾病，甚至自殺死亡的風險。” |
发表于 12-1-2016 04:00 PM
变色卡
千斤顶
楼主
，我想喝的人就算没有咖啡因中毒，也会有糖尿病吧？
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